Articles and their use in Greek Language
There are two articles in Modern Greek, the definite and the indefinite. They are both inflected by gender and case, and the definite article also for number. The article agrees with the noun it modifies.
Definite article
The definite article is used frequently in Greek, such as before proper names and nouns used in an abstract sense. For example,
- Ο Αλεξανδρος ηρθε χθες (O Alexandros irthe chthes, "Alexander came yesterday")
- Η ειλικρινεια ειναι η καλητερη πρακτικη . (I eilikrineia einai i kalyteri praktiki, "Honesty is the best policy")
Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Nominative | ο | [o] | η | [i] | το | [to] |
Genitive | του | [tu] | της | [tis] | του | [tu] | |
Accusative | τον | [ton] | την | [tin] | το | [to] | |
Plural | Nominative | οι | [i] | οι | [i] | τα | [ta] |
Genitive | των | [ton] | των | [ton] | των | [ton] | |
Accusative | τους | [tus] | τις | [tis] | τα | [ta] |
Indefinite article
The indefinite article is identical with the numeral one and has only singular. The use of the indefinite article is not dictated by rules and the speaker can use it according to the circumstances of his speech. Indefiniteness in plural nouns is expressed by the bare noun without an article. For example,
- Αγ?ρασα ?ναν υπολογιστ? (Agorasa enan ypologisti, "I bought a computer")
However, the indefinite article is not used in Greek as often as in English because it specifically expresses the concept of "one". For example,
- Ε?ναι δικηγ?ρος (Einai dikigoros, "He is a lawyer")
- Τι καλ? παιδ?! (Ti kalo paidi, "What a good boy!")